Has occurred when a stimulus is added to the environment, or is increased in intensity, immediately following a behavior, and this serves to increase the frequency of that behavior occurring in the future (Cooper, Heron & Heward, 2007).

Has occurred when a stimulus is removed, or decreased in intensity, immediately following a behavior, and this increases the frequency of that behavior in the future (Cooper, Heron & Heward, 2007).

"Reinforcing only those responses within a response class that meet a specific criterion along some dimension(s) (i.e., frequency, topography, duration, latency or magnitude) and placing all other behaviors in the class on extinction" (Cooper, Heron, & Heward, 2007, p. 693).

Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) is a procedure that provides reinforcement for the absence of problem behavior during a period of time (interval) or at a specific time (momentary)

Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) is the reinforcement of a response that is an appropriate alternative to problem behavior

Differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) is the reinforcement of a response that is physically incompatible with the target problem behavior

Differential reinforcement of high rates (DRH) is reinforcement contingent upon a behavior occurring at a set high rate used to increase the overall rate of a behavior

Differential reinforcement of low rates of behavior (DRL) is reinforcement contingent upon behavior occurring at a set reduced rate used to decrease the overall rate of a behavior but not to eliminate it completely

"A stimulus change that increases the frequency of any behavior that immediately precedes it irrespective of the organism’s learning history with the stimulus. Unconditioned reinforcers are the product of the evolutionary development of the species (phylogeny) Also called primary or unlearned reinforcer" (Cooper, Heron, & Heward, 2007 p.707).

"A stimulus change that functions as a reinforcer because of prior pairing with one or more other reinforcers; sometimes called secondary or learned reinforcers" (Cooper et al., 2007, p. 692).

"...the operation, or process, of a response producing a conditioned reinforcer that increases the likelihood that response occurs in the future" (Cooper et al., 2007, p. 40).

"...rule that specifies the environmental arrangements and response requirements that will result in reinforcement or punishment" (Cooper, Heron & Heward, 2007, p. 703).